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Thursday 27 August 2015

THE PROCESS OF RAIN


Rain represent one form of presipitasi extant [of] dilution. Presipitasi alone can be solid extant ( for example ices rain and snow) or aerosol ( like fog and dew). Rain formed by if separate water dot fall to earth of cloud. Do not all rainwater to surface of earth because some of condensing when falling to [pass/through] dry air. Rain this type of conceived of by virga. Rain is event go down him irrigate from sky to earth. Initially rainwater come from water of uliginous earth of sea, river water, lake water, accumulating basin water, irrigate rumpon, rice field water, irrigate comberan, milk water, latrine water, pool water, spit, and others. Besides water which in form of physical, water which condensing into the air also can come from human being body, animal, flora, and also aqueous other objects.

The waters generally experience of evaporation process or evaporation effect of existence of hot aid of sun. Water which condensing / becoming vapour float into the air and finally continue to make a move to go to high sky with other aqueous vapours. high in the sky the vapour experience of condensation process or condensation so that form cloud. Constructively the clouds wind can make a move vertical good, diagonal and horizontal.

Effect of peripatetic air or wind also clouds meeting each other and big go to sky / earth atmosphere which is its temperature lower or chilled and finally form ices item and water. Because weight and unable to be sustained by wind finally items irrigate or the ice fall to surface of earth ( process presipitasi). Because progressively lower excelsior air temperature hence formed snow or ice melt to become water, but if its very low temperature hence will go down remain to as snow.

Rain do not only going down in form of just ice and water, but also can in form of fog and dew. Rain which fall to surface of earth if coming in contact with dry air, some of rain can condense again into the air. Form small rainwater is circular almost, while big more caper like burger, and larger ones again in form of parachute. Big rain have speed of high water fall so that sometimes felt pain if hitting our legs and hands.

Rain play role important in cycle of hydrology. Damp of sea condense, turning into cloud, gathered to become overcast cloud, then go down again to earth, and finally return to sea [pass/through] watercourse and river to repeat that recycle initially.

Amount of rainwater measured to use or udometer of ombrometer. He is expressed as gathered depth of water at surface level off, and measured more or less 0.25mm.

Rain types pursuant to the happening of:

1.     rain of Cyclonal, that is rain that happened because hot weather which go up to be accompanied with rotary wind.

2.     " rain of Zenithal, that is rain which often happened in area of around ekuator, effect of meeting of North-East Trade Wind with Trade Wind South-East. Later;Then the wind go up and form cloud I umps around equator causing cloud become saturated and go down rain.

3.     " rain of Orografis, that is rain that happened because pregnant wind of horizontal peripatetic aqueous vapors. The wind go up to go to mountain, air temperature become to be chilled so that happened condensation. Happened [by] rain around mountain.

4.     " rain of Frontal, that is rain that happened if cool air mass come in contact with hot air mass. Meeting place among/between both that mass is referred as by front area. Because is heavier of cool by air mass more under. Around front area this is often happened torrential rains of[is so-called rain of frontal.

 

Mousson rain or seasonal rain, that is rain that happened because Monsoom( WindMousson). Cause the happening of Wind Mousson is caused by movement of annual illusion  of Sun [among/between] Tropic Of Cancer and Tropic Of Capricorn. In Indonesia, mousson rain happened October month;moon until April. Whereas [in] Asian area of East happened May month; moon until August. this Cycle Mousson cause the existence of rain season and dry season. excessive rain at one particular location can generate disaster [at] life below/under him. Floods and landslide [is] one of the effect of abundant rain. Change of climate under the sun recently also support rain disseminating which [do] not flatten causing various problem under the sun. For that we have its its his assist normally of climate changing effect of act of human being so that/ to be our offspring later do not suffer and killed by effect of mistake which we do/conduct in this time.

Allah say in the qur’an:

Do not you see that God drives the clouds, then joins them together, then piles them on each other, then you see the rain comes forth from between them. And He sends down hail from the sky, where there are mountains of it. And strikes those with it whom He will and diverts it from whomever He wills. The vivid flash of its lightning nearly blinds the sight.

Monday 17 August 2015

Respirasi yaitu........

 

Respirasi yaitu suatu proses pembebasan energi yang tersimpan dalam zat sumber energi melalui proses kimia dengan menggunakan oksigen. Dari respirasi akan dihasilkan energi kimia ATP untak kegiatan kehidupan, seperti sintesis (anabolisme), gerak, pertumbuhan.

Contoh:
Respirasi pada Glukosa, reaksi sederhananya:
C6H,206 + 6 02
———————————> 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + Energi
(gluLosa)

Reaksi pembongkaran glukosa sampai menjadi H20 + CO2 + Energi, melalui tiga tahap :

1. Glikolisis.
2. Daur Krebs.
3. Transpor elektron respirasi.

1. Glikolids:
Peristiwa perubahan :
Glukosa Þ Glulosa - 6 - fosfat Þ Fruktosa 1,6 difosfat Þ
3 fosfogliseral dehid (PGAL) / Triosa fosfat
Þ Asam piravat.
Jadi hasil dari glikolisis :
1.1. 2 molekul asam piravat.
1.2. 2 molekul NADH yang berfungsi sebagai sumber elektron berenergi
tinggi.
1.3. 2 molekul ATP untuk setiap molekul glukosa.

2. Daur Krebs (daur trikarbekdlat):
Daur Krebs (daur trikarboksilat) atau daur asam sitrat merupakan pembongkaran asam piravat secara aerob menjadi CO2 dan H2O serta energi kimia

Gbr. Bagan reaksi pada siklus Krebs

3. Rantai Transportasi Elektron Respiratori:
Dari daur Krebs akan keluar elektron dan ion H+ yang dibawa sebagai NADH2 (NADH + H+ + 1 elektron) dan FADH2, sehingga di dalam mitokondria (dengan adanya siklus Krebs yang dilanjutkan dengan oksidasi melalui sistem pengangkutan elektron) akan terbentuk air, sebagai hasil sampingan respirasi selain CO2.

Produk sampingan respirasi tersebut pada akhirnya dibuang ke luar tubuh melalui stomata pada tumbuhan dan melalui paru-paru pada peristiwa pernafasan hewan tingkat tinggi.

Ketiga proses respirasi yang penting tersebut dapat diringkas sebagai berikut:

PROSES
AKSEPTOR ATP

1. Glikolisis:
Glukosa
——> 2 asam piruvat 2 NADH 2 ATP
2. Siklus Krebs:
2 asetil piruvat
——> 2 asetil KoA + 2 C02 2 NADH 2 ATP
2 asetil KoA
——> 4 CO2 6 NADH 2 PADH2
3. Rantai trsnspor elektron respirator:
10 NADH + 502
——> 10 NAD+ + 10 H20 30 ATP
2 FADH2 + O2
——> 2 PAD + 2 H20 4 ATP

 

Alat respirasi adalah alat atau bagian tubuh tempat 02 dapat berdifusi masuk dan sebaliknya C02 dapat berdifusi keluar.

Alat respirasi pada hewan bervariasi antara hewan yang satu dengan hewan yang lain, ada yang berupa paru-paru, insang, kulit, trakea, dan paruparu buku, bahkan ada beberapa organisme yang belum mempunyai alat khusus sehingga oksigen berdifusi langsung dari lingkungan ke dalam tubuh, contohnya pada hewan bersel satu, porifera, dan coelenterata.

Tuesday 14 July 2015

Klasifikasi Beberapa Tumbuhan

 

1.      Kapuk Randu (Ceiba pentandra L)

Kapuk randu adalah pohon tropis yang tergolong ordo Malvaceae (sebelumnya Bombacaceae) berasal dari bagian utara Amerika Selatan, Amerika Tengah dan Karibia. Kata ‘kapuk’ juga digunakan untuk menyebut serat yang dihasilkan dari bijinya. Pohon ini juga dikenal sebagai Kapas Jawa atau Kapok Jawa, dapat tumbuh setinggi 60-70 meter dan dapat memiliki diameter batang pohon sampai dengan 3 meter.

Klasifikasi ;

Kingdom : Plantae

Divisi : Magnoliophyta

Kelas : Magnoliopsida

Ordo : Malvales

Famili : Malvaceae (Bombacaceae)

Genus : Ceiba

Spesies : Ceiba pentandra

http://bptsitubondo.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/pohon-kapuk1.jpg?w=264&h=198http://bptsitubondo.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/pohon-kapuk11.jpg?w=264&h=198

Untuk perbanyakannya, kapuk randu dapat dilakukan dengan cara stump, yaitu pembibitan kapuk randu dilakukan pada bedengan-bedengan pembibitan dimana untuk 1Ha diperlukan biji kapuk sebanya 16 kg. Setelah berumur 1 (satu) tahun akar tunggang dipotong sampai tertinggal kurang lebih 30 cm dan lingkar batang pada leher akar telah mencapai kurang lebih 10 cm. Cara kedua adalah stek, yaitu dengan cara mengambil dari batang kapuk randu yang sudah tua, sepanjang 1,5 – 2 m. Akan tetapi cara stek ini bentuk pohon maupun produksinya tidak sebaik tanaman yang berasal dari bibit

http://wordpress.com/2008/09/09/kapuk-randu

2.      http://www.iloveblue.com/imagesnews/kapas.jpgKHASIAT TANAMAN KAPAS (ABELMOSCHUS MOSCHATUS)


 

 

 


ABELMOSCHUS MOSCHATUS MEDIK
Klasifikasi kapas:

Kingdom : Plantae
Divisi : Spermatophyta
Kelas : Dicotyledonae
Ordo : Malvaies
Famili : Malvaceae
Genus : Gosypium
Spesies : Gosypium sp

http://www.plantamor.com/kapas

3.      Klasifikasi Jeruk

Jeruk (Citrus)

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYHA18yCNzyjmNKZKDmUj3fRoO4GbNoh3vtliRLam-x0DVdTNuWG3weSqQcoy00uxANfiC1fOz6JoreKBklyRT8mq05ZVPNoiZpv6CjTO94D0i_PVczQ2U02VRQ4IbPOSxFD4Ut-os510/s320/images.jpeg


Kerajaan: Plantae
Divisi: Magnoliophyta
Kelas: Magnoliopsida
Ordo: Sapindales
Famili: Rutaceae
Genus: Citrus

Spesies : Citrus Maxima

 



JERUK NIPIS
Citrus aurantifolia

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfXdhFk-PSjByBqtxOqd8a4Od52U1j5Ho0UB2ef_FddRmbzsyGY29FCgsiew_K78eb92lvOaBxNnBsij05NgXSvphThsWMEft-PYU09aM0-umvHNqFyqLTcbxzo_GeLNFnrLxB0iwA53w/s320/jerul.jpeg

Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta
Superdivisio: Spermatophyta
Divisio: Magnoliophyta
Kelas: Magnoliopsida
Sub-kelas: Rosidae
Ordo: Sapindales
Familia: Rutaceae
Genus: Citrus
Spesies: Citrus aurantifolia

Kerabat dekat:
Jeruk sukade, Jeruk purut, Jeruk asam, Jeruk bali, Jeruk garut, Jeruk mandarin, Jeruk manis, Jeruk pepaya, Munteh intalum, Jeruk tangan, Jeruk lemo, Jeruk cina, Jeruk india, Jeruk kasturi

http://blogspot.com/2009/06/jeruk.

4.      Kentang
Solanum tuberosum L.

Solanum tuberosum
Kentang
Klasifikasi
Kingdom: Plantae (Tumbuhan)
Divisi: Magnoliophyta (Tumbuhan berbunga)
Kelas: Magnoliopsida (berkeping dua / dikotil)

 Ordo: Solanales
 Famili:
Solanaceae (suku terung-terungan)
 Genus:
Solanum
 Spesies: Solanum tuberosum L.

Kerabat Dekat
Grandiflorum, Terung Ngor, Tomat, Terung Susu, Terung, Ranti, Terung Siam, Terung Teter, Terung Pipit, Pepino, Terung Dayak

http://www.plantamor.com/kentang.

5.      Durian
Durio zibethinus Murr Nama umum

Durio zibethinus
Durian
Klasifikasi
Kingdom: Plantae (Tumbuhan)
             Divisi: Magnoliophyta (Tumbuhan berbunga)
                 Kelas: Magnoliopsida (berkeping dua / dikotil)
                         Ordo: Malvales
                             Famili:
Bombacaceae
                                 Genus:
Durio
                                     Spesies: Durio zibethinus Murr

Kerabat Dekat
Tekawai, Koroyot, Durian Hutan, Durian Pulu, Durian Hantu, Durian Burung, Durian Kura-kura, Durian Burung

http://www.plantamor.com/Durian

6.      Bawang Merah
Allium cepa var. aggregatum L. Nama umum



Allium cepa
 

 

 



Bawang Merah
Klasifikasi
Kingdom: Plantae (Tumbuhan)
                      Divisi: Magnoliophyta (Tumbuhan berbunga)
                 Kelas: Liliopsida (berkeping satu / monokotil)
                         Ordo: Liliales
                             Famili:
Liliaceae (suku bawang-bawangan)
                                 Genus:
Allium
                                     Spesies: Allium cepa var. aggregatum L.

Kerabat Dekat
Bawang Daun, Kucai, Bawang Prey, Bawang Putih, Bawang Kucai

http://www.plantamor.com/Bawang

7.      Bayam Duri
Amaranthus spinosus L. Nama umum
Klasifikasi
Kingdom: Plantae (Tumbuhan
         Super Divisi: Spermatophyta (Menghasilkan biji)
             Divisi: Magnoliophyta (Tumbuhan berbunga)
                 Kelas: Magnoliopsida (berkeping dua / dikotil)
                         Ordo: Caryophyllales
                             Famili:
Amaranthaceae (suku bayam-bayaman)
                                 Genus:
Amaranthus
                                     Spesies: Amaranthus spinosus L.

Kerabat Dekat
Bayam Tanah, Kastoyan, Senggang Itik, Bayam Cabut, Bayam Tahun

http://www.plantamor.com/Bayam

 

 

8.      Hydrilla Scientific classification

Kingdom: Plantae
Ordo: Hidrocharitales
Family:
Hydrocharitaceae
Genus: Hydrilla
Spesies: Hydrilla verticillata



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Hydrilla_USGS.jpg/220px-Hydrilla_USGS.jpg
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



(L.f.)
Royle

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrilla

Klasifikasi Ubi Kayu

 

 

 

Gambar deskriptif singkong dari Koehlers
 Medizinischepflanzen 

 

 


Gambar deskriptif ubi kayu dari Koehlers Medizinischepflanzen

Klasifikasi ilmiah

Kingdom

Plantae

Divisi:

Magnoliophyta

Kelas:

Magnoliopsida

Ordo:

Malpighiales

Famili:

Euphorbiaceae

Genus:

Manihot

Spesies:

Manihot utilissima



http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/ubi-kayu

 

 

 

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